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一、38万吨散货船分段技术参数：SHIP SECTION PARTICULARS 分段长度LENGTH：65M 分段型宽WIDTH：25、28M米各一个EACH（按25米计算ACCORDING TO 25M） 分段型深DEPTH：30米M 分段重量WEIGHT：04#：W=3958.86T 05#:W=3818.01T 重心高度GM：04#:G=13.56M 05#:G=13.89M 设计吃水DRAFT：04#:T=2.11M 05#:=2.34M 坡道SLOPE:1:80 1:60 1:28 1:14 二、几点建议SUGGESTIONS 1、建造墩的高度不能超过0.90米. SUPPORTING BLOCK WILL BE LESS THAN 0.9M 2、增设三组50T锚点和两组20T卷扬机锚点（见图）。 ADD 3 50T TOWING POINT AND 2 SET WINCH(SEE THE DRAWING) 3、建造墩的位置应横平竖直，间距不小于3米，便于布设气囊。 SUPPORTING BLOCK WILL BE CROSSVISE ,THE SPACE WILL BE MORE THAN 3M. 三：船体下水过程中气囊基本数据：AIRBAG PARTICULAR AT LAUNCHING 1、 施工中拟采用50条直径1.80米,长度10米高压气囊，其中34条顶升及滚动作业，16 DURING THE PROCRSS OF LUNCHING SECTING THE AIR BAG WILL USE 50PCS DIA:1.8M.LENGTH 10M.AND 30 PCS WILL ACT AS LIFTING AND ROLLING,17PCS WILL WORK AS LINK. 条气囊备用倒接，每条气囊承载负荷为W。按34条整体顶升计算。 PER AIRBAG LOADING STRESS WILL BE “W”.THEN CALCULATE THE TOTAL STRESS: W顶= G/N = 4200T/34条 =123.5T/条 “W”SUPPORTING”= G/N = 3960T/34PCS =116.4T/PC G：船体总质量 N：实际承载气囊数量 G:TATAL SECTION WEIGHT N  UANTITY OF AIRBAG 2、 顶升撤墩作业，气囊工作状态。（建造墩高度90cm按顶升高度95cm，气囊按Φ1.8×10m核算） LIFTING AND TAKE OUT PEDESTAL WHEN AIRBAG IS WORKING. (THE DESIGN HEIGHT OF PEDESTAL IS 90cm WHILE LIFTING HEIGHT IS 95cm. THE SIZE OF AIRBAG IS Φ1.8×10m) 3、 | | 气囊承载面宽度THE WIDTH OF BASE（M） | | 条气囊举力LIFTING CAPACITY OF PER TAPE AIRBAG(T) | 实际工作压强ACTUAL WORKING PRESSURE (MPa) | 额定工作压强RATED WORKING PRESSURE (MPa) | 船舶工程专用气囊THE SPECIFAL AIFBAG OF SHIP ENGINEERING | | | | | | |
结论：气囊顶升作业中，实际承受的压强小于额定工作压力，故顶升操作安全可靠。 CONCLUSION: LIFTING OPERATE IS SAFE AND RELIABLE BECAUSE ACTUAL WORKING PRESSURE OF AIR BAG IS LOWER THAN RATED PRESSURE. 3、前移作业气囊工作状态（按运行高度80cm核算） FC=Q.g.sinα-μ.Q.g.COSα+Q.V/T Q 船体重量 SHIP WEIGHT KN g 重力加速度 ACCELERATION OF GRAVITY 9.8 Nc 为滑轮组钢丝绳道数；THE NUMBER OF STEEL WIRE ROPE OF ASSEMBLY PULLEY β 为钢丝绳与坡道牵引夹角。THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE ROPE AND RAMP. α 坡道水平夹角0.72度RAMP ANGLE 0.72° μ 气囊滚动摩擦系数ROLLING FRICTION COEFFICIENT OF AIRBAG (0.01-0.015) 船体重量SHIP WEIGHT：3900吨TON 分段在1：80的坡道上 ， 下滑力:487.5KN SECTION IN THE RAMP OF 1:80, SLIDING FORCE: 487.5KN 分段在1：60的坡道上 ， 下滑力:650KN SECTION IN THE RAMP OF 1:60, SLIDING FORCE: 650KN 在实际的操作中，由于受气囊角度、压力、风向、风力等外界方面影响，气囊的滚动 摩擦系数μ在0.01-0.015之间变化.且船体由静态变为动态时要克服静摩擦需要较大的外力。 THE ROLLING FRICTION COEFFICIENT OF AIFBAG CHANGES IN BETWEEN 0.01-0.015 BECAUSE OF THE EFFECT OF BALLOON ANGLE, PRESSURE, WIND POWER AND WIND DIRECT ECT. THIS NEEDS A LARGER FORCE WHEN SHIP MOVES FROM STATIC. 分段在1:80的坡道上SECTION IN THE RAMP OF 1:80 1、 摩擦系数μ取0.01时WHEN FRICTION COEFFICIENT IS 0.01 下滑力SLIDING FORCE:487.5KN 摩擦力FRICTION FORCE:390 KN 后牵力REAR TRACTIVE FORCE：97.5KN 2、摩擦系数μ取0.015时WHEN FRICTION COFFICIENT IS 0.015 下滑力SLIDING FORCE:487.5KN 摩擦力FRICITON FORCE:585KN 后牵力REAR TRACTIVE FORCE：-97.5KN（需前牵TRACTIVE FORCE IN FORE） 分段在1:60的坡道上SECTION IN THE RAMP OF 1:60 1、摩擦系数μ取0.01时WHEN FRICTION COFFICIENT IS 0.01 下滑力SLIDING FORCE:650KN 摩擦力FRICTION FORCE:390 KN 后牵力REAR TRACTIVE FORCE：260KN 2、摩擦系数μ取0.015时WHEN FRICTION COFFICIENT IS 0.015 下滑力SLIDING FORCE:650KN 摩擦力FRICTION FORCE:585KN 后牵力REAR TRACTIVE FORCE：65 KN 在下水操作过程中安全期间后牵取最大值260KN FOR SAFETY DURING OPERATEING IN THE WATER, THE REAR TRACTIVE FORCE WITH MAXIMUM 260KN 主后牵卷扬机MAIN REAR TRACTIVE WINCH：200 KN，钢索道数NUMBER OF CABLE：3道TAPE，总牵引力GROSS TRACTIVE FORCE :600kN 600KN÷260KN=2.30倍TIMES(标准为1.25倍STANDARD IS 1.25 TIMES) 下水速度SPEED OF SHIP LAUNCHING：1. 0米/分m/min 结论: 在1：80坡道上分段需要前牵，在1：60坡道上后牵力满足需要。 CONCLUSION: IT NEEDS FRONT TRACTIVE IN THE SECTION OF 1:80 RAMP, REAR TRACTION IN SECTION OF 1:60RAMP. 四：准备工作PREPARATION WORK 1：船体牵引点设置SET TRACTIVE POSITION OF HULL 下水分段尾部（习惯上入水端为首部）强结构上设计两个50吨眼板做为主后牵，高度在3米左右，间距大于1米小于4米。在下水船体一侧（左右都可，与卷扬机位置一致）船艉10米的位置设一个35T眼板，做为主前牵，高度在3米左右的强结构上。 DESIGN TWO 50t EYE BRACKETS IN THE STRONG STRUCTURE OF TAIL OF SHIP SECTION LAUNCHING. (GENERALLY THE LAUNCHING END IS CALLED HEADER). THE HEIGHT OF EYE BRACKET IS 3m; SPACE IS BETWEEN 1-4m. SET A 35t EYE BRACKETS AS MAJOR FRONT TRACTION IN THE STRONG STRUCTURE OF SECTION SIDE (LEFT OF RIGHT, ON THE SAME SIDE WITH WINCH). 2：卷扬机固定锚点的设置SET THE POSITION FOR FIXING OF WINCH. 见拖曳示意图 SEE THE PICTURE OF DRAGGING 3：浮态计算FLOATING STATE CALCULATION 按葫芦岛五、六、七、八、九、十月份当地大潮潮高3.50米左右，安全期间按3.30米计算，入水端吃水2.353米时浮力距等于重力距,船体艉浮.全浮位置在重心运行到1：14坡道标高1.46米位置.(见附图) IN HULUDAO, IN MAY, SPRING TIDES IS ABOUT 3.50m HIGH IN JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER. FOR SAFETY, SET HEIGHT OF TIDE 3.30m, LAUNCHING LENGTH IS 111.3m. BUOYANCY DISTANCE IS GREATER THAN GRAVITY TOUQUE. THE HULL IS FULL FLOATING WHEN THE WATER-SIDE DRAFT 3.56m. THE FULL FLOATING POSITION IN THE BARYCENTRE RUN TO THE 1:14 RAMP AND ELEVATION OF 1.46m (SEE PHOTO)
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